Public funding plays a crucial role in supporting businesses, startups and projects, that drive economic growth, innovation and societal development. Its funding is provided by governments, regional bodies and international organizations to encourage sustainable and strategic initiatives. Public funding can take various forms, including grants, loans, tax incentives and guarantees, all designed to reduce financial risk for businesses and stimulate investment in key sectors. These funds are often targeted at industries that contribute to technological advancement, sustainability, infrastructure and social impact. Many programs focus on startups and SMEs, helping them overcome financial barriers and gain access to the resources needed 
for growth.
One of the most significant benefits of public funding is that it often comes with favourable conditions—such as lower interest rates on loans, non-repayable grants and tax relief incentives. Additionally, governments and institutions frequently provide funding for pilot projects and partnerships, allowing businesses to test innovative ideas and collaborate with research institutions or industry leaders. Key sources of public funding include national grants, EU funding programs, regional development funds, public loans and guarantees, tax incentives and credits, partnership and pilot project grants and testbeds and pilot project grants. Many of these initiatives align with long-term policy goals, such as digital transformation, green energy, job creation and scientific research. For startups and SMEs, navigating public funding opportunities can be complex, but the right funding strategy can provide essential capital while minimizing financial risks. By leveraging public funding options, businesses can accelerate growth, enhance credibility and contribute to broader economic and social progress.
